Future Perfect Tense
In Latin, the future perfect tense is a verbal tense used to indicate actions or states that will be completed before a specified future time. It describes an action that will have happened prior to another future event. The future perfect tense is often translated into English as "will have + verb-ed.”
To form the future perfect tense in Latin, you need the perfect stem of the verb and the appropriate set of endings.
Perfect First Person Singular (3rd Principal Part): amāvī (I loved)
Perfect Stem: amāv-
Here is the general formula: Perfect Stem minus ‘i’ + Perfect Endings
The future perfect endings:
First Person Singular: -erō (I will have)
Second Person Singular: -eris (you will have)
Third Person Singular: -erit (he/she/it will have)
First Person Plural: -erimus (we will have)
Second Person Plural: -eritis (you all will have)
Third Person Plural: -erint (they will have)
Here is an example using the verb "amāre" (to love) in the future perfect tense:
amāverō (I will have loved)
amāveris (you will have loved)
amāverit (he/she/it will have loved)
amāverimus (we will have loved)
amāveritis (you all will have loved)
amāverint (they will have loved)
The future perfect tense indicates actions that will be completed before a specified future point. It is often used to express the following:
Actions Completed Before a Future Event: It describes actions that will have been finished before another future action or event occurs.
Antequam vēnit, litterās scrīpserō. (Before he/she arrives, I will have written the letters.)
Anticipation of a Future Completion: It indicates an action that will be fully completed in the future, emphasizing its finality.
Cum mē vidēs, diū mē absentem esse nōn putāveris. (When you see me, you will not have thought that I have been absent for long.)